Introduction To Calroma 2.5mg [Letrozole]

Breast cancer is among the most common cancers affecting women worldwide. Hormone receptor–positive breast cancer, in particular, depends on estrogen for growth and progression. To manage such conditions, physicians often prescribe aromatase inhibitors, which reduce estrogen production. Calroma 2.5mg is a pharmaceutical preparation containing Letrozole 2.5mg, an effective aromatase inhibitor widely used in the treatment of hormone-dependent breast cancer in postmenopausal women. It is also prescribed off-label in certain fertility treatments.

Composition and Formulation

Each tablet of Calroma 2.5mg contains:

• Active ingredient: Letrozole 2.5mg
• Excipients: Pharmacologically inactive components that ensure stability, safety, and efficacy of the formulation

The tablet is designed for oral administration and provides consistent therapeutic levels when taken once daily.

Mechanism of Action

Letrozole belongs to the class of non-steroidal aromatase inhibitors. It works by blocking the enzyme aromatase, which is responsible for converting androgens into estrogens in peripheral tissues. By reducing estrogen production, Letrozole effectively deprives estrogen-dependent breast cancer cells of the hormone they need for growth and survival.

Key points about its mechanism include:

• Significant reduction of circulating estrogen levels in postmenopausal women
• No direct effect on ovarian estrogen production in premenopausal women, hence mainly prescribed after menopause
• Potent inhibition of tumor progression in hormone receptor–positive breast cancer

Clinical Uses and Indications

Calroma 2.5mg (Letrozole) is primarily indicated in:

1. Early Breast Cancer
   • Adjuvant treatment for postmenopausal women with hormone receptor–positive early breast cancer after surgery, chemotherapy, or radiation.
2. Advanced or Metastatic Breast Cancer
   • First-line therapy in postmenopausal women with advanced breast cancer that is hormone receptor–positive or hormone receptor–unknown.
   • Second-line treatment for disease progression following anti-estrogen therapy such as tamoxifen.
3. Extended Adjuvant Therapy
   • Continued treatment for women who have already received standard 5 years of tamoxifen, to further reduce the risk of recurrence.
4. Fertility Treatment (Off-label use)
   • Letrozole is sometimes used in ovulation induction for women with conditions like polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), where it can help stimulate egg release.

Dosage and Administration

• Standard dose: One tablet of Calroma 2.5mg once daily.
• Route: Oral, with or without food.
• Duration of treatment: Depends on clinical condition. In breast cancer, therapy may continue for 5 years or longer as directed by the physician. For fertility use, it is typically prescribed for a short duration within the menstrual cycle.

Patients should take the tablet at the same time each day for maximum effectiveness.

Advantages of Letrozole (Calroma 2.5mg)

1. Highly effective in lowering estrogen levels in postmenopausal women.
2. Reduces the risk of cancer recurrence after primary treatment.
3. Better tolerated than traditional chemotherapy agents.
4. Can be an alternative to tamoxifen, particularly for patients who do not respond well to selective estrogen receptor modulators.
5. Offers off-label fertility benefits in carefully monitored cases.

Side Effects

While Calroma 2.5mg is generally well tolerated, some patients may experience side effects, including:

• Hot flashes and sweating
• Fatigue and weakness
• Joint and bone pain (arthralgia)
• Headaches or dizziness
• Osteoporosis or decreased bone mineral density (long-term use)
• Nausea, vomiting, or mild gastrointestinal discomfort
• Mood changes

Patients are advised to report persistent or severe side effects to their healthcare provider. Bone health should be monitored regularly during long-term therapy.

Precautions and Contraindications

• Contraindicated in premenopausal women, pregnant or breastfeeding women, and individuals with known hypersensitivity to Letrozole.
• Bone health monitoring is important, as prolonged estrogen suppression may lead to osteoporosis.
• Liver function should be assessed in patients with hepatic impairment, as metabolism of Letrozole occurs in the liver.
• Not recommended for use in children or adolescents.

Drug Interactions

Letrozole may interact with certain drugs:

• Estrogen-containing therapies or hormone replacement therapy (HRT) may reduce its effectiveness.
• Some medications affecting liver enzymes (e.g., CYP450 inducers/inhibitors) may alter Letrozole metabolism.

Patients should always inform their doctor of all medications and supplements they are taking.

Storage and Handling

• Store in a cool, dry place away from direct light and moisture.
• Keep out of reach of children.
• Do not use expired medication.

Conclusion

Calroma 2.5mg (Letrozole) is a highly effective aromatase inhibitor widely used in the treatment of hormone receptor–positive breast cancer in postmenopausal women. By lowering estrogen levels, it reduces the risk of cancer recurrence, delays disease progression, and improves survival outcomes. It is also valued in fertility medicine for its role in ovulation induction in selected cases.

With proper medical supervision, Calroma 2.5mg offers a well-tolerated, safe, and effective therapeutic option, making it an essential part of modern oncology and reproductive medicine.